Misleading the Colorado potato beetle with an odor blend

Walking tracks of Colorado potato beetles,Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, were recorded on a locomotion-compensator in response to wind, odors of host plantsSolanum tuberosum L. and nonhost plantsLycopersicon hirsutum f.glabratum C.H. Mull, and to mixtures of these plant species. Host-plant odor induced positive anemotactic responses in starved females, whereas odor of the nonhostL. hirsutum was neither repellent nor attractive. The attractiveness of host-plant odor, however, was neutralized in the odor blend of plant species. Masking the attractive host-plant odor will hinder the beetle's searching for host-plant patches, and this principle may be exploited in pest control by mixed cropping.The locomotion-compensator was constructed with financial support from the Foundation for Fundamental Biological Research (BION), which is subsidized by the Netherlands Organization for the Advancement of Pure Research (ZWO), grant 14-02-02. The first author was supported by a grant from the French Ministry of Industry and Research.     

基于概率支持向量回归的产品设计时间预测模型

为使产品设计时间预测既克服小样本、异方差噪声问题,又提供除预测值以外的其他有用信息,建立概率支持向量回归(PSVR)模型。首先,在异方差回归模型基础上设计概率约束条件,以使预测值以较大概率位于真实值的某邻域,结合具有参数不敏感损失函数的支持向量回归确定优化目标,提出PSVR。然后,将最大完工时间知识嵌入进PSVR的约束条件,用以确定真实值邻域的宽度,将交叉验证与遗传算法相结合以确定PSVR的相关参数。最后,以注塑模具设计的实例进行分析,结果表明基于PSVR的时间预测方法可同时提供有效的预测值和预测区间。     

基于概率神经网络的人群密度估计

研究图像在频域中的纹理特性,实现了在频域中的人群密度估计.首先,对视频的每一帧进行离散余弦变换(DCT),将视频图像的空域性质转化到频域中;其次,统计分析视频图像DCT变换矩阵的纹理特性,提取能描述不同密度等级的纹理描述子作为特征向量;最后,用提取出的特征向量训练概率神经网络,并进行人群密度等级估计.实验表明,该方法可以很好地进行密度估计,获得了较高识别效率.     

Vehicle routing problem with time-varying speed

Vehicle routing problem with time-varying speed ( VRPTS) is a generalization of vehicle routing problem in which the travel speed between two locations depends on the passing areas and the time of a day. This paper proposes a simple model for estimating time-varying travel speeds in VRPTS that relieves much burden to the data-related problems. The study further presents three heuristics ( saving technique,proximity priority searching technique,and insertion technique) for VRPTS,developed by extending and modifying the existing heuristics for conventional VRP. The results of computational experiments demonstrate that the proposed estimation model performs well and the saving technique is the best among the three heuristics.     

Support vector machine forecasting method improved by chaotic particle swarm optimization and its application

By adopting the chaotic searching to improve the global searching performance of the particle swarm optimization (PSO), and using the improved PSO to optimize the key parameters of the support vector machine (SVM) forecasting model, an improved SVM model named CPSO-SVM model was proposed. The new model was applied to predicting the short term load, and the improved effect of the new model was proved. The simulation results of the South China Power Market’s actual data show that the new method can effectively improve the forecast accuracy by 2.23% and 3.87%, respectively, compared with the PSO-SVM and SVM methods. Compared with that of the PSO-SVM and SVM methods, the time cost of the new model is only increased by 3.15 and 4.61 s, respectively, which indicates that the CPSO-SVM model gains significant improved effects. Foundation item: Project(70572090) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Effective prediction of DEA model by neural network

In this paper,a fast neural network model for the forecasting of effective points by DEA model is proposed,which is based on the SPDS training algorithm.The SPDS training algorithm overcomes the drawbacks of slow convergent speed and partially minimum result for BP algorithm.Its training speed is much faster and its forecasting precision is much better than those of BP algorithm.By numeric examples,it is showed that adopting the neural network model in the forecasting of effective points by DEA model is valid.     

利用网格技术构建身份证网络查询系统

由于利用假身份进行犯罪的活动越来越多,急需一个遍及各行各业各个地方的身份证查询验证系统来抑制这种现象,而现行的系统还不能满足需要。提出了利用网格技术建立身份证网络查询验证系统的设想,并论证了该系统的可行性及其优点、说明了系统结构及相关技术.     

张家口地区电子文献传递系统(EDDS)的开发研究

随着人们对信息资源的需求及文献传递工作的重视,文献传递的服务模式及发展趋势逐渐成为社会所关注的问题.本课题通过分布式文献传递的服务模式,利用完备的网络搜索系统模型,构建张家口地区高校图书馆之间的电子文献传递桥梁.     

基于语义网络的产品建模及配置方案搜索

对基于语义网络的产品建模及配置方案的搜索方法进行集成研究,以提高产品配置设计的效率.在相关本体的基础上,建立基于语义网络的产品模型结构,并据此解析用户所输入的查询语句.基于语义网络的产品模型提供一种定量与定性相结合的一致化的设计实例与需求的表达方式.进一步通过产品的语义网络模型可以获取设计需求的隐含条件,使得需求在设计方案的搜索匹配过程中被更充分地考虑.利用基于语义网络的推理技术与本体语言RDFS构造待求配置设计问题的语义网络片断,并通过语义搜索与匹配度计算排序从设计实例库中获取符合当前需求配置设计方案;同时,通过注塑机螺杆为实例的应用,证明了基于语义网络的产品模型在支持配置选型设计方案搜索方面的有效性与实用性.相对于传统的产品模型而言,基于语义网络的产品模型更关注属性之间的内部联系,经实例验证基于语义网络的产品模型使得配置设计过程更符合用户的实际需求.     

浅析概率可靠性模型的优缺点

中国结构设计规范大多采用了概率可靠性模型作为结构设计理论,该模型和其它数学模型一样,都有其优点及缺点;阐述了概率可靠性模型的概念,采用比较法和计算分析的方法对该模型自身进行了研究,分析了其具有的优缺点,并指出了改进的方向．